The HL-LHC will open an unprecedented window on the weak-scale nature of the universe, providing high-precision measurements of the standard model (SM) as well as searches for new physics beyond the SM. Collecting the information-rich datasets required by such measurements and searches will be a challenging task, given the harsh environment of 200 proton-proton interactions per bunch crossing....
The European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO) currently operates two world-leading observatories: the VLT and VLTI in the optical/infrared and ALMA (a partnership with North America and East Asia) in the submillimeter and millimeter domain. ESO is also beyond 50% complete in the construction of the largest optical/infrared telescope, the ELT, and is part...
The Phase-2 CMS upgrade for HL-LHC includes replacing the trigger and data acquisition system. Upgrades to the readout electronics will enable a maximum L1 accept rate of 750 kHz with a latency of 12.5 µs. The muon trigger, using multi-layer systems, reconstructs and measures muon momenta by analyzing data from muon chambers with pattern recognition algorithms running on FPGA processors. The...
In this talk, we explore the creation and management of timing signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), specifically within the CMS Level 1 Trigger system. We'll discuss how these signals are generated from particle collisions and their role in synchronizing the CMS Trigger. Additionally, we'll cover the integration of these signals with the physical link domain in the backend FPGAs of the...
El New Robotic Telescope será un telescopio de clase 4 metros con tiempos de respuesta muy rápidos, alcanzando cualquier objetivo del cielo en menos de 30 segundos. Esto supone un importante reto en términos de rigidez estructural y minimización de vibraciones. Se presentan los aspectos fundamentales de la estructura de este telescopio, su comportamiento estático y dinámico, así como la...
I will briefly discuss the so-called scale-separation problem, which emerges when trying to describe our Universe from a String Theory perspective. In particular, I will comment on the possibility to realize scale-separation within some minimally supersymmetric three-dimensional supergravity model, derived from type-IIA supergravity and admitting Anti-de-Sitter vaca.
The discovery of gravitational waves has opened a new experimental window into the Universe. The fact that the relevant dynamics is often out of equilibrium is both a formidable challenge and a golden opportunity. I will explain how holography, a tool that originated in string theory, can shed light on the relevant physical processes in cosmology and astrophysics. In particular, I will...
Presented here is an inclusive search for long-lived particles decaying to a pair of displaced muons. This search analyzes data collected in 2022 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in proton-proton collisions at √s=13.6 TeV, adding up to an integrated luminosity of 36.7 fb−1. The experimental signature is a pair of oppositely charged muons (displaced dimuons) originating from a common...
Magnification bias, an observational effect of weak gravitational lensing, is studied through angular correlations of sources at different redshifts, particularly with sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs), providing astrophysical and cosmological insights. Investigating the magnification bias effect exerted by galaxy clusters on SMGs within the ΛCDM model, constraints on cosmological and...
Adaptive optics (AO) compile a variety of techniques that produce high quality images in
ground-based telescopes. Most used AO techniques require the use of laser guide stars,
but they induce errors due to its limited width and low altitude, such as anisoplanatism
and cone-effect problems. This study proposes an alternative AO system that eliminates
these issues while maintaining the...
The production of dibosons (VV, where V can be either a W or Z boson) holds a crucial role in the understanding of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model as well as its possible extensions. The WZ process allows to test several theoretical features of interest, such as: charge asymmetries in the initial state, measurement of the polarization fractions for W and Z bosons and provides...
We study scalar CFTs in $d$=4,6 with planar defects and study the RG flows induced by the defects. Taking a double scaling limit, bulk loops are suppressed, simplifying the analysis. We study the beta function of the defect couplings and give conditions for the stability of the theory. We construct a Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}$ and prove using rigid holography techniques and the Hamilton-Jacobi...
Hyper-Kamiokande is a large-scale international neutrino detection project established in Japan. In this talk I will be discussing the work of the last two years on the design of the detector's geomagnetic field compensation system, the studies, conclusions and problems derived, as well as the presentation of the final, recently agreed design.
The AdS_2/CFT_1 correspondence plays a key role in the microscopical description of extremal black holes, AdS_2 being part of the geometry that appears in their near horizon limit in any dimension.
Another useful application of the AdS_1/CFT_2 correspondence is to the holographic description of superconformal line defects in higher dimensional CFTs. Geometrically, a sign that an AdS_2...
Regolith, abundant on the lunar surface, possesses properties that make it an attractive candidate for thermal energy storage (TES). It's porosity and thermal conductivity allow for efficient heat transfer and heat retention, crucial for storing thermal energy during lunar day-night cycles. By using regolith as a TES medium, lunar habitats and infrastructures can effectively capture excess...
The discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) closes a central chapter of the standard model (SM) of particle physics while raising several questions, such as the nature of dark matter, an explanation to neutrino masses, or the origin of baryon asymmetry in the Universe. The answer to those questions could be linked to the production of beyond the SM (BSM) particles which...
Given the probabilistic nature of proton-proton collisions, montecarlo-based simulations (MC) of high energy physics processes are the best handle an experimental particle physicist has in order to compare data to prediction. As of now, the state-of-the-art predictions often reach next-to-next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracies (in expansions of QCD strong coupling). The limiting factor is,...
La identificación de exoplanetas orbitando estrellas pertenecientes a corrientes estelares extragalácticas nos permite estudiar las características, tanto físicas como poblacionales, de los sistemas planetarios en estrellas con origen externo a nuestra Galaxia. Además es clave para investigar el impacto que los eventos de acreción sufridos por las galaxias enanas primigenias hayan podido tener...
A new energy regime, 5.02 TeV, for top quark pair productions in proton-proton collisions using 302 pb-1 of data collected in 2017 by the CMS experiment at the LHC is explored. The top quark pair production cross section is measured using events with one electron or one muon and multiple (b-tagged) jets. The result is combined with a previous measurement in the electron-muon final state using...
Since its creation in 1954, CERN has positioned itself as a world leader in development of hardware and algorithmic technology for fundamental physics, with a tremendous potential and practical impact on industry and society.
The fundamental physics studied at CERN, both from the experimental and theory side, involves the treatment of very large data sets and the exploitation of advanced...
One of the key concepts of any analysis in High Energy Physics is the search for a more precise measurement to have a result more reliable and more compatible with the actual process. To achieve this, it is necessary to develop different techniques to identify the objects that make up the analysis. In particular, for the proton-proton collisions produced in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), one...
El método del tránsito es una técnica de detección de exoplanetas que consiste en analizar las curvas de luz estelares en busca de señales de tipo tránsito que se producen cuando el planeta cruza la línea de visión limitada entre su estrella anfitriona y un telescopio que la observa. Las redes neuronales convolucionales unidimensionales (1D CNN) han supuesto un gran avance en este campo de la...
Fractons are excitations with limited mobility that may appear in dipole-conserving models. I will introduce a family of quantum field theories for monopole and dipole charges, featuring quadratic two-derivative kinetic terms. The dipole symmetry algebra is realized in a discretized internal space, connected to the physical space via a background gauge field. Using Hubbard-Stratonovich...
The origin of the matter antimatter asymmetry in the universe is one of the unsolved questions in physics. The CP-violating processes in the standard model are not enough to explain the full difference and some beyond the standard model extensions suggest CP-violation might arise in the Higgs sector. In particular, the Higgs coupling to fermions has not yet been proven to be invariant under CP...
Models for near-Earth asteroids (3103) Eger, (161989) Cacus, (2100) Ra-Shalom and (12711) Tukmit were computed with archival data from DAMIT and ALCDEF and 24 new lightcurves provided by the Instituto Astrofísico Canarias 80 and Telescopio Abierto Remoto 2 telescopes at the Teide Observatory (Tenerife, Spain) during 2021 and 2022. The shape models and rotation state parameters (𝑃, 𝜆, 𝛽) were...
Ground based telescopes encounter a significant challenge in the form of
atmospheric turbulence, which results in the acquired images appearing distorted
and lacking sharpness. To address this issue, adaptive optics is employed, a
technology that effectively mitigates wavefront aberrations by adjusting the shape
of a deformable mirror's surface. Furthermore, the integration of neural...
The trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), along with the Oort cloud comets and the icy moons of the giant planets, constitute the primary reservoirs of ices in the Solar System. Decades of ground- and space-based observations of the icy Solar System, as well as NASA and ESA spacecraft exploration, have unveiled a myriad of molecular species. At the same time, ices play a pivotal role as carriers of...
